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Towards a Cyber Physical Infrastructure for Road Transportation The current style of building intelligent roadway systems is closed. For example, when a city builds an intelligent signal control system it builds the sensors, actuators, computing, and communication sub-systems [1]. Likewise, the bus company lays out a bus arrival time information system and installs the LED message signs in the bus stops, the communication systems behind the signs, and the GPS units on the buses that produce the primary data driving the signs. These systems do not usually share data. For example, the GPS data from buses, usually cannot be accessed by the signal controller in front. Thus in current practice, computing is a system or sub-system. It is not an infrastructure. We seek the roadway of the future where the proliferation of intelligence can be considerably more efficient. Instead, of computing being present on the roadway system by system, we envisage it as an infrastructure, specifically a cyber-physical one – present as the roadway infrastructure itself, to be used by anyone to create value in any manner consistent with its lawfully constituted business model. In this “computing as an infrastructure model” any new service builder pays mainly the cost of the systems specific to her service. The marginal cost of each innovation becomes low, and hence Internet-style, we seek to unleash the proliferation of intelligent services. For example, if the roadway offers precise positioning, WiFi, and street corner computing, a small entrepreneur might easily make the blind or elderly safer through our “Watch Out For Me” concept [2], i.e., the person’s smartphone could multicast “watch out for me” as soon as he steps of the curb to any oncoming car. The example illustrates why the infrastructure should be cyber-physical. Many valuable services of the future require the low marginal cost connectivity characterizing MySpace or Facebook, to be realized for connectivity, in real-time, between groups of embedded sensors and actuators. Over the last five years, we have created the VII California testbed, as a resource for the scientific community engaged in research on the smart roadway[3]. VII California is a technology infrastructure and a network of partnerships enabling the rapid prototyping and evaluation of new safety. Mobility, or green transportation services in a real environment - 40 miles of roadway with 7 signalized intersections on a major freeway and major arterial. The testbed is equipped with multiple wireless communication services, positioning services, accessible computing in street corner signal cabinets, and data feeds from local buses, cars run by silicon valley automotive research laboratory partners, and traffic measurements sensors embedded in the pavement by the California Department of Transportation. We seek to make this testbed a tool for the advancement of cyber-physical infrastructure [1] see for example the LADOT Adaptive Traffic Control System, the most advanced in the country [2] http://path.berkeley.edu/PATH_Downloads/To-Send/WC2008/WOCO2008-NYC.mpg
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